Samsung Electronics, the South Korean tech giant and the world’s largest memory chip maker, has issued a cautious outlook amid growing uncertainties caused by global trade tensions and new U.S. tariffs. The company reported a modest 1.2% rise in operating profit for the first quarter of 2025 but warned that ongoing trade conflicts could disrupt its semiconductor business and reduce demand for smartphones shortly.
First Quarter Results Show Mixed Signals
For the quarter ending in March, Samsung posted an operating profit of 6.7 trillion won (about $4.68 billion), slightly higher than the same period last year and in line with its earlier forecast. The company’s net profit rose 22% year-over-year to 8.2 trillion won ($5.74 billion), helped by strong smartphone sales, particularly the new AI-enabled Galaxy S25 models. Revenue also hit a quarterly record of 79.1 trillion won, a 10% increase from the previous year.
However, Samsung’s semiconductor division faced significant challenges. Operating profit from the chip segment plunged roughly 40% compared to the prior quarter, dropping to 1.1 trillion won ($770 million). This decline was mainly due to falling sales of high-end memory chips, especially high-bandwidth memory (HBM) products, which were hit hard by new U.S. export controls restricting advanced chip sales to China, Samsung’s largest market for these components.
Trade Tensions and Tariffs Cloud Future Outlook
Samsung highlighted that the ongoing U.S.-China trade war and the imposition of steep reciprocal tariffs pose major risks to its business. The tariffs, many of which are set to take effect or resume in July, impact key countries like China, Vietnam, and South Korea-where Samsung manufactures smartphones, displays, and other components. These trade barriers increase costs and complicate supply chains, making it difficult for Samsung to predict its future performance accurately.
The company also noted that the frontloading of chip shipments by some customers, who rushed to buy before tariffs were implemented, may lead to weaker demand in the second half of the year. Samsung’s vice president of the memory division, Kim Jae-june, said demand uncertainties are expected to grow due to tariff policy changes and tighter AI chip export controls.
Impact on Smartphone Demand
Samsung warned that the new tariffs and trade restrictions could reduce demand for smartphones and other electronics. While the first quarter saw brisk smartphone shipments, the company expects downward pressure on smartphone sales in the second quarter. This cautious stance reflects the broader uncertainty in the global economy and trade environment, which has also led other major companies like General Motors to withdraw their annual forecasts.
Samsung is considering relocating production of TVs and home appliances to mitigate tariff impacts. However, the company has not provided detailed guidance for its AI chip business, which continues to struggle amid intense competition and geopolitical challenges.
Semiconductor Industry Faces Broader Challenges
Samsung’s experience mirrors wider disruptions in the semiconductor industry caused by trade conflicts and supply chain issues. Other major chip manufacturers like Nvidia, TSMC, and Micron have also been hit by tariffs and export controls, leading to stock price declines and increased uncertainty about future investments and production locations.
Despite these challenges, Samsung expects chip demand to remain solid in the short term, driven by AI server growth and preemptive buying before tariff pauses. The company’s CFO, Park Soon-cheol, expressed cautious optimism that overall performance could improve in the second half of 2025 if current uncertainties ease.
Samsung Electronics faces a complex landscape shaped by escalating trade tensions, U.S. tariffs, and shifting global demand. While the company delivered a slight profit increase in early 2025, the semiconductor business’s sharp profit drop and the risk of reduced smartphone sales highlight growing volatility. Samsung’s cautious outlook underscores the challenges tech companies face amid geopolitical conflicts and supply chain disruptions, making the year ahead uncertain for the world’s largest chip and smartphone maker.